Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak

Introduction

Coronavirus represents a wide group of viruses mainly affecting humans through the zoonotic transmission. This is the 3^rd instance of a Novel coronavirus after SARS in 2003 and MERS in 2012. The process of naming the SARS-CoV-2 or Novel coronavirus which emerged in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Covid-19 has been labeled as a public health emergency of international concern and the epidemic curve are top of the layer. Coronavirus is a large family of positive single-stranded RNA viruses which native to the Nidovirales order. Coronaviruses are further divided into 4 classifications – alpha, beta, gamma & delta coronavirus. currently, it has been established that SARS-CoV-2 shares a genome sequence homology structure with bat coronavirus. The distinguish factor is in the change in the nucleotide of the spike protein and its receptor-binding domain structures. Nowadays they initiate the treatment which indulges the Lopinavir & Ritonavir drugs which primarily depends on the severity of illness. Indian medicinal plants or herbs are a momentous field for the cure of various diseases like Ayurveda & Siddha are still broadly used among the Indian population. The immunological influence and mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 infection in human host cells as well as the structure and disease targeted drugs. And we will also suggest that the Indian medicinal herbs would be a tremendous step to combat viruses like the SARS-CoV-2.

Coronavirus Analysis

Phylogenetic analysis or screening recommends that although Bats serve as the natural reservoir for SARS-CoV-2, there is another possibility of an unidentified intermediate host, that was commonly sold at the seafood market in Wuhan before the outbreak. Till now, 7 human Coronaviruses have confirmed which is named as Human coronavirus NL63 and Human coronavirus 229E, which native to the alpha-coronavirus genus whereas Human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43), Human coronavirus (HCoV-HKU1), SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (beta-coronavirus genus). Human coronavirus is principally complementary with the upper respiratory tract sickness scaling from mild to severe including the common cold. Investigation or analysis needs to be done to point out the exact source of illness or infection. According to WHO, on Feb 11^th, 2020, officially named this viral infection called COVID-19.

During the stages of infection from 2002 to 2003, 774 fatalities were recorded out of 7000+ infected populations across 37 countries. And this was very closely similar to MERS-CoV in Saudi Arabia in 2012, which caused around 900 deaths among the 2495 known infected cases. In SARS-CoV-2, the common symptoms noted in the infected peoples are cough, fever, dyspnea, etc.